Berenson was also frustrated with the lack of interest in athletic activity as a source of wellness among the Smith students. In the first game, women didn't move around the court much, but the historic contest was hardly genteel, according to students who witnessed it.
On the opening tip-off, a player was seriously injured. The first game was simply a friendly competition, and afterward, the winners served refreshments to the losers. Berenson's adaptation of the men's game included dividing the court into three equal sections, with players required to stay within their areas.
The game was an an instant hit with students. Senda Berenson edited a women's basketball guide issued by Spalding, a sporting goods company. The rules were revised in and again in , but major changes were not made again until the s, Young says.
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The field expanded from 25 teams in to 32 in , 48 in and 64 in This meant that only teams unranked in Top 25 polls played in the NIT. He's covered health, fitness, nutrition, business, real estate, government, features, sports and more. A Lafayette, Pa. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands never with the fist.
A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it, allowance to be made for a man who catches the ball when running at a good speed if he tries to stop. The ball must be held in or between the hands; the arms or body must not be used for holding it. No shouldering, holding, pushing, tripping, or striking in any way the person of an opponent shall be allowed; the first infringement of this rule by any player shall count as a foul, the second shall disqualify him until the next goal is made, or, if there was evident intent to injure the person, for the whole of the game, no substitute allowed.
A foul is striking at the ball with the fist, violation of Rules 3, 4, and such as described in Rule 5. If either side makes three consecutive fouls, it shall count for a goal for the opponents consecutive means without the opponents in the mean time making a foul.
A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds into the basket and stays there, providing those defending the goal do not touch or disturb the goal. If the ball rests on the edges, and the opponent moves the basket, it shall count as a goal. When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field of play by the person first touching it. In case of a dispute, the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The thrower-in is allowed five seconds; if he holds it longer, it shall go to the opponent.
If any side persists in delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul on that side. The umpire shall be judge of the men and shall note the fouls and notify the referee when three consecutive fouls have been made. He shall have power to disqualify men according to Rule 5. The referee shall be judge of the ball and shall decide when the ball is in play, in bounds, to which side it belongs, and shall keep the time.
He shall decide when a goal has been made, and keep account of the goals with any duties that are usually performed by a referee. The time shall be two minute halves, with five minutes' rest between. The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the winner. In case of a draw, the game may, by agreement of the captains, be continued until another goal is made.
The original rules of basket ball were written by Springfield College graduate instructor James Naismith in December and published in January in the Springfield College school magazine, The Triangle. Teams consist of nine players per side — three forwards, three centers, and three backs.
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